Adjustable coarse alignment tooling for packaged semiconductor devices

ABSTRACT

An apparatus and method for positioning packaged semiconductor devices having different rectangular shapes and sizes. A positioning apparatus includes an adjustable alignment guide releasably coupled to a base. The adjustable alignment guide may be positioned along a first axis to partially define a recess into which the packaged semiconductor devices are placed during positioning. The positioning apparatus may also include additional adjustable alignment guides that may be positioned along the first or a second axis to further define the recess into which the packaged semiconductor device is to placed during positioning. The adjustable alignment guides may have alignment surfaces against which the integrated circuit rests when placed into the recess that is partially defined by the alignment surfaces. The adjustable alignment guides may be slidably attached to a base, and moved by sliding the guides to an appropriate position according to the shape and size of the packaged semiconductor device to be positioned.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to the field of semiconductor device manufacturing, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method of coarsely aligning a packaged semiconductor device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Semiconductor devices are typically fabricated on thin wafers of silicon. Several die are produced on each wafer, with each die representing a single semiconductor device. Each die on a wafer is tested for gross functionality, and sorted according to whether the die passes or fails the gross functionality test. After being sorted according to gross functionality, the wafers are cut using a wafer saw and the individual die are separated. The die determined to be non-functional are scrapped. The functional die are packaged and further tested to ensure that each packaged device satisfies a minimum level of performance. The reliability of the packaged devices are tested by further subjecting them to a “burn-in” period where the devices are tested at an elevated voltage and elevated temperature for a period of time.

Functional devices may be permanently packaged by encapsulating the die in a plastic package, or temporarily packaged by mounting the die in a ceramic package. Packaging the functional devices facilitates handling of the device and also protects the die from damage during performance and reliability testing. The packaged devices are typically stored in carrying trays having recesses into which the device is placed. The packaged devices are transported from one test station to another in the carrying trays.

Automated device handlers are used during the testing and burn-in phase to facilitate handling of the packaged devices. The handlers automatically unload the packaged devices from the carrying trays, and transport and position the devices for testing by a test unit. The handler then reloads the packaged devices into a carrying tray when testing is complete.

When unloading a packaged device from a carrying tray, the handler may need to align the packaged device prior to placing it into a handler boat. Although the carrying tray provides some alignment, it may not be within the precision required for placement into the handler boat without damaging the packaged device. A mechanical structure known as a precisor is used to coarsely align the packaged device. The packaged device is placed into a recess in the precisor for alignment. The packaged device is then removed from the precisor and placed into the handler boat to be transported within the automated device handler to a handler chuck.

The handler chuck receives the packaged device from the handler boat and positions it to come in contact with a contactor. The contactor has a series conductors that electrically contact the leads of the packaged device. A tester unit connected to the contactor applies a series of signals to the packaged device through the series of conductors in order to test the functionality of the device. Before the handler chuck puts the packaged device into contact with the contactor, the packaged device must be correctly oriented. Although the contactor is designed to receive a packaged device that is not precisely oriented to the contactor, the packaged device must still be coarsely aligned within a certain measure. An incorrectly oriented packaged device may be damaged when forced into contact with the contactor, or incorrectly tested when the leads of the packaged device contact the incorrect conductors because the device is misaligned with respect to the contactor.

After testing is complete, the packaged device is pulled away from the contactor by the handler chuck and returned to the handler boat. The packaged device is transported by the handler boat to be reloaded into a carrying tray.

Shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a conventional fixed alignment tooling 2 used for coarsely aligning a packaged device 3. The fixed alignment tooling 2 may be used in the singulated device handling applications described previously, that is, for a precisor, or handler boat or chuck. The fixed tooling 2 includes a base 4 having a recess 6 defined by chamfered surfaces 8 a-d. The packaged device 3 is coarsely aligned by the chamfered surfaces when placed into the recess 6 and rests on either on the package balls or on the package substrate if relief for the ball pattern is provided. The chamfered surfaces 8 a-d also guide the packaged device 3 into the recess 6 when slightly skewed and facilitate positioning of the packaged device 3 within the recess 6. The coarsely aligned packaged device 3 can then be transported or transferred within the automatic handler positioned with the proper alignment.

It can be seen that the fixed tooling 2 works only for a packaged device having a particular shape and size. The fixed alignment tooling 2 requires replacement when the shape or size of the packaged device changes. The costs involved with changing the fixed tooling 2 is considerable when refitting an entire test area. For example, the fixed tooling of the precisor, handler boats and chucks would need to be retrofitted to accommodate a packaged device having a new shape or size. Fortunately, the need to change the fixed tooling 2 arises infrequently because the shape and size of current device package types, for example, SOJ, ZIP, or TSOP packages, are not affected when the size of the die encapsulated within the package is decreased.

The die size of a semiconductor device is typically shrunk in an effort to increase the number of die fabricated on each wafer, and consequently, increase the number of die potentially yielded by each wafer. Die shrinks occur throughout the lifetime of a semiconductor device. The shape and size of the package is generally unaffected by a die shrink because each succeeding generation of smaller die are simply encapsulated in the same sized package as their larger progenitor. Thus, the infrequency of changing the fixed tooling 2 allows for the associated costs to be amortized over a relatively long period of time. However; as the shape or size of device packages change more frequently during the lifetime of a device, the relative costs will increase. Therefore, it can be appreciated that there is a need for an apparatus that can coarsely align packaged semiconductor devices and minimize the costs associated with changing the fixed toolings whenever the size of the device package changes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to an apparatus and method for positioning packaged semiconductor devices having different rectangular shapes and sizes. A positioning apparatus includes an adjustable alignment guide that may be positioned along a first axis to partially define a recess into which the packaged semiconductor devices are placed during positioning. The adjustable alignment guide may be an alignment surface against which the integrated circuit rests when placed into the recess partially defined by the alignment surface. The adjustable alignment guide may be slidably attached to a base, and moved by sliding the guide to the appropriate position according to the shape and size of the packaged semiconductor device to be positioned. The positioning apparatus may also include additional adjustable alignment guides that may be positioned along the first or a second axis to further define the recess into which the packaged semiconductor device is to placed during positioning.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a conventional coarse alignment tooling.

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a coarse alignment tooling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the coarse alignment tooling of FIG. 2.

FIGS. 4A-D are partial isometric views of the coarse alignment tooling according to several embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an block isometric view of an automated coarse alignment tooling according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a test system including an automated handler having the coarse alignment tooling of FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As discussed previously, the fixed alignment tooling must be changed whenever the shape or size of the package device changes. As the frequency with which the package shape or size changes increases, the relative costs associated with re-fitting singulated device handling equipment with new fixed alignment toolings will also increase. Exacerbating this problem is the fact that the frequency with which die shrinks occur has accelerated as a result of a greater demand for smaller and faster semiconductor devices.

Additionally, new package types are currently being developed that have shapes and sizes that are affected by the size of the encapsulated die. For example, fine pitch ball grid array (FBGA) packages, and other chip scale packages (CSPs) have package dimensions that are slightly larger than the dimension of the encapsulated die. Therefore, each time a die shrink occurs, the size of the resulting packaged device also decreases. Consequently, the fixed alignment tooling must be changed to accommodate the smaller sized package each time a die shrink occurs. As mentioned previously, die shrinks are occurring more frequently during the lifetime of a semiconductor device.

The present invention is embodied in an adjustable alignment tooling 12 shown in FIG. 2. The adjustable alignment tooling 12 may be used in precising systems utilized in singulated device handling equipment, such as those discussed above. The adjustable alignment tooling 12 may be adjusted to accommodate various package shapes, thus reducing the need to replace the fixed alignment tooling whenever the shape or size of the device package changes. The adjustable alignment tooling 12 is especially useful in light of the recent development in CSPs.

The adjustable alignment tooling 12 includes a base 14 and adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d attached to the base 14. Each of the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d has a respective alignment surface 20 a-d. The adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d are adjusted so that the respective alignment surfaces 20 a-d define a recess 22 into which the packaged semiconductor device is placed for coarse alignment. The alignment surfaces 20 a-d are chamfered to facilitate placement of the packaged semiconductor into the recess 22 during alignment. Once the packaged semiconductor has been placed into the recess 22, the packaged semiconductor device is coarsely aligned to the correct orientation. In the case where the packaged semiconductor device is in the form of a ball grid array (“BGA”), the device will rest on either the solder balls, or on the package substrate if relief for the solder ball pattern (not shown) is provided.

The adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a, 18 c and 18 b, 18 d may be adjusted along two perpendicular axes 26 and 28, respectively, to accommodate coarse alignment of packaged semiconductor devices having different rectangular shapes and sizes. The adjustable alignment tooling 12 is adjusted by moving the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d toward or away from the oppositely positioned adjustable alignment fixture, thereby decreasing or increasing the area of the recess 22. That is, adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a and 18 c may be moved along the axis 26, and adjustable alignment fixtures 18 b and 18 d may be moved along the axis 28, to position the respective alignment surfaces 20 a-d and define a recess 22 having an appropriate shape and size with respect to a packaged semiconductor device.

For example, a packaged device 70 has a shape and size defined by a length 72, a width 74, and a height 76. The adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d are shown in FIG. 2 as being positioned to define a recess 22 and a surface 24 having nearly the same dimensions as the length 72 and the width 74. Thus, when the packaged device 70 is placed into the recess 22 it will be coarsely aligned. Although the alignment surfaces 20 a-d do not fully enclose the recess 22, the flat surfaces of the alignment surfaces have a length sufficient to properly orient the packaged device 70 when placed into the recess 22.

Now consider a packaged device 80, as shown in FIG. 3, having a length 82, a width 84, and a height 86, where the length 82 and the width 84 is less than the length 72 and width 74, respectively. The packaged device 80 will not be coarsely aligned if placed into the recess 22 because the dimensions of the recess 22 are too great to properly orient the packaged device 80.

In order for the adjustable alignment tooling 12 to correctly align the packaged device 80, the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d should be positioned so that the respective alignment surfaces 20 -d define a recess 22 and a surface 24 having nearly the same dimensions as the length 82 and the width 84. This can be accomplished by moving the alignment fixtures 18 a and 18 c toward one another along the axis 26 until the distance separating the alignment surfaces 20 a and 20 c along the surface 24 is slightly less than the width 84. Similarly, the alignment fixtures 18 b and 18 d should be moved toward one another along the axis 28 until the distance separating the alignment surfaces 20 b and 20 d along the surface 24 is slightly less than the length 82. When the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d are positioned in such a manner, the packaged device 80 will be coarsely aligned to the proper orientation when placed into the recess 22 and rests on the alignment surfaces 20 -d.

As will be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill in the art, the adjustable alignment tooling 12 may be adjusted to correctly align packaged devices having different rectangular shapes, as well as packaged devices having different sizes. For example, if only the width 74 were to decrease while the length. 72 were to remain constant (FIG. 2), the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a and 18 c could be moved toward one another along the axis 26 so that the packaged device 70 could still be correctly aligned by the adjustable alignment tooling 12 when positioned in the recess 22. Similarly, the adjustable alignment tooling 12 could have only two adjacent adjustable alignment fixtures and still accommodate packaged devices of various rectangular shapes and sizes. For example, with reference to FIG. 2, the alignment fixtures 18 a and 18 d would have fixed positions, while alignment fixtures 18 b and 18 c would remain adjustable along the axes 28 and 26, respectively. When correctly aligning a different shaped or sized packaged device, only adjustable alignment fixtures 18 b and 18 c would be adjusted to accommodate the new packaged device. One corner of the recess 22 is defined by the fixed alignment fixtures 18 a and 18 d, while the diagonal corner of the recess 22 is defined by the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 b and 18 c. By defining two corners of the recess 22, the new packaged device can be correctly aligned when placed into the resulting recess 22.

As illustrated above, the number of adjustable alignment fixtures may range from one to four, depending on the flexibility desired and the specific application. In the case where the adjustable alignment tooling 12 has only one adjustable alignment fixture, it can accommodate packaged devices having different dimensions only along one axis, that is, either a different length or width.

The adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may be positioned on and attached to the base 14 in a variety of manners. One example is shown in FIG. 4A with respect to the adjustable alignment fixture 18 c. A slot 30 is formed through the alignment fixture 18 c. A pin 34 is fixed to the base 14 and protrudes perpendicular to the surface of the base to fit into the slot 30. A screw 32 also fits through the slot 30 and threads into a threaded hole formed in the surface of the base 14. The pin 34 and the screw 32 are aligned along the axis 26. In this arrangement, movement of the adjustable alignment fixture 18 c will be along the axis 26 when the screw 32 is loosened. After the adjustable alignment fixture 18 c is properly positioned, the screw 32 is tightened snug so that the overlapping portion of the screw head contacting the upper surface of the adjustable alignment fixture 18 c will hold it in place. If so desired, the pin 34 may be replaced by a second screw if a second threaded hole is formed into the base 14.

Another arrangement for attaching the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d to the base 14 is shown in FIG. 4B with respect to the adjustable alignment fixture 18 c. Two slots 36 a and 36 b are formed through the alignment fixture 18 c. The two slots 36 a and 36 b are formed laterally from each other and parallel to the axis 26. Two screws 38 a and 38 b fit through slots 36 a and 36 b, respectively, and thread into threaded holes formed in the base 14. The alignment fixture 18 a may be moved in a direction along the axis 26 when the screws 36 a and 36 b are loosened. Once correctly positioned, the alignment fixture 18 a may be held in place by tightening the screws 36 a and 36 b snug against the upper surface of the alignment fixture 18 a.

The adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may also be attached to the base 14 through the arrangement shown in FIG. 4C with respect to alignment fixture 18 c. A slot 40 is formed through the base 14. A screw 42 is fit through the slot 40 and threads into a threaded hole formed into the lower surface of the alignment fixture 18 c. A recessed region is also formed in the base 14 along the slot 40 to accommodate the head of the screw 42. A pin 44 protrudes perpendicularly from the lower surface of the alignment fixture 18 c and fits into the slot 40. The pin 44 and the screw 42 are both aligned along the axis 26 to ensure that movement of the alignment fixture 18 c is along the axis 26. The alignment fixture 18 c may be adjusted to the correct position and held in place by tightening the screw 42 snug.

The adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may also be attached to the base 14 through the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 4D with respect to alignment fixture 18 c. Two pins 52, 54 protruding from the bottom surface of the adjustable alignment fixture 18 c fit into a series of evenly spaced holes 56 formed in the surface of the base 14. The alignment fixture 18 c can be moved by lifting it away from the surface of the base 14 until the two pins 52, 54 are removed from the holes 56. The alignment fixture 18 c is then repositioned by reinserting the pins 52, 54 into another set of the holes 56. The frictional fit between the pins 52, 54 and the holes 56 will prevent the alignment fixture from being inadvertently removed.

The movement of the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may also be performed through automated means, as shown in FIG. 5, if the alignment fixtures 18 a-d are coupled to a computer driven actuating system 60. Such an arrangement allows the adjustable alignment tooling 12 to be quickly adjusted to accommodate a variety of rectangular shaped device packages. A computer driven actuation system having a computer 62 and an actuator 64 may be incorporated into a handler so that the computer 62 may be programmed to move the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d via connecting arm 66 to predetermined positions whenever a different shaped packaged device is tested. An automated actuation system as described is well known in the art, and may be employed in the precising systems utilized in singulated handling equipment described previously.

Although specific arrangements of attaching the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d to the base 14 have been provided above, the principles of the present invention are applicable regardless of the specific form of attachment. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited by the specific method of attaching the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d to the base 14.

A person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the minimum size of the recess 22 defined by the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d is limited by the length of the respective alignment surfaces 20 a-d. The minimum size of the recess 22 will result when the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d are moved toward one another until the adjacent alignment fixtures butt against the alignment fixture being moved. This situation is illustrated in FIG. 3. However, the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may be replaced with adjustable alignment fixtures having alignment surfaces 20 a-d with decreased widths. Consequently, the respective adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may be moved closer together to accommodate smaller packaged devices.

Shown in FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a test system 70 for packaged semiconductor devices. An automated handler 72 is includes a loading mechanism 74 that loads packaged semiconductor devices into the automated handler 72. The devices are placed into a precisor 75 to be coarsely aligned. The precisor includes an embodiment of an adjustable alignment tooling 12 according to the principles of the present invention. A handler boat 76 receives the packaged devices from the precisor 75 and provides the device to a handler chuck 78. The handler boat 76 also includes an embodiment of the adjustable alignment tooling 12 so that the device is coarsely aligned when transferred to the handler chuck 78. The handler chuck 78 receives the device from the handler boat 76 and positions the device in physical proximity to a test head 84 having a contactor 82. As mentioned previously, when the device comes into contact with the contactor 82, electrical signals generated by a test unit 86 may be applied to the device. In order to correctly position the device within the contactor 82, the handler chuck also includes an embodiment of the adjustable alignment tooling 12 that aligns the device with respect to the contactor 82. After testing of the device is complete, the handler chuck 78 withdraws the device from the contactor 82, and returns the device to the handler boat 76. The handler boat 76 receives the device and provides the device to an unloading mechanism 80, which unloads the device from the automated handler 72 and returns the device to a carrying tray.

From the foregoing it will be appreciated that although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without deviating from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d have been shown as being positioned to align a packaged device having a square shape. However, the adjustable alignment fixtures 18 a-d may be adjusted for a packaged device having a rectangular shape as well. Furthermore, the present invention has been described with respect to handling a packaged device during testing. However, some or all of the principles of the present invention are applicable to other operations where singulated packaged device handling equipment is used. For example, tape and reel, device inspection, and packing operations. Furthermore, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, a plurality of adjustable alignment toolings according to the embodiments described previously may be used together to facilitate the mass production of semiconductor devices. For example, with reference to FIG. 6, the precisor 75, handler boat 76, and the handler chuck 78, may each include more than one adjustable alignment tooling 12 so that several semiconductor devices may be tested simultaneously. Accordingly, the invention is not limited except as by the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for positioning an integrated circuit, comprising: a base having an upper surface; and an adjustable guide having a plurality of guide members supported by and coupled to the base and supported by said upper surface so as to define therebetween a recess, said recess having a bottom defined by said base upper surface, each guide member having a trapezoidal cross section defined by four edges with an interior edge adjacent to and directed toward the recess being outwardly chamfered along an entire length of the guide, said interior edge further including a workpiece support surface correspondingly chamfered with said interior edge such that said workpiece support surface tapers upwardly and outwardly from said base upper support surface, and a releasable coupling assembly that slidably couples at least one guide member to said base, said releasable coupling assembly being positioned on said base so as to adjustable locate the coupled guide member on the base upper surface to define the recess with a shape and size to position the integrated circuit with respect to the guide members when placed therein and thereby have an opening at least partially defined by the plurality of guide members and said bottom at least partially defined along the surface of the base by the plurality of guide members, the opening having a perimeter greater than that of the bottom, said releasable coupling assembly also coupling the at least one of the guide members to the upper surface of the base at respective adjustable positions to adjust the shape or size of the recess.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the adjustable guide is a first adjustable guide and has an adjustable position along a first axis, and the apparatus further comprises a second adjustable guide detachably coupled to the upper surface of the base and having an adjustable position along a second axis, the adjustable guide positioned to partially define the recess into which the integrated circuit is placed for positioning.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the first and second guides further comprise first and second alignment surfaces, respectively, against which the integrated circuit butts when placed into the recess partially defined by the first and second alignment surfaces.
 4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the first adjustable guide is slidably attached to the base and the adjustable guide is adjusted by sliding the guide along the first axis into position to partially define the recess.
 5. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the first and second axes are orthogonal.
 6. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising second, third, and fourth adjustable guides, each guide detachably coupled to the upper surface of the base, the second and fourth adjustable guides having an adjustable position along a second axis, and the third guide having an adjustable position along the first axis, the first, second, third, and fourth adjustable guides positioned to partially define the recess into which the integrated circuit is placed for alignment.
 7. An apparatus for positioning a packaged semiconductor device, comprising: a base having an upper surface; and an adjustable alignment fixture supported on said base having a first outwardly chamfered alignment surface against which the packaged semiconductor device abuts when placed into a recess partially defined by the first alignment surface and the upper surface of the base over upon which the semiconductor device is placed; said recess having a bottom defined by said base upper surface; the first chamfered alignment surface being one surface of a first elongated guide member having a trapezoidal cross section, defined by four edges with an interior edge being adjacent to and directed towards the recess and being outwardly chamfered along with entire length thereof, the recess having a shape to orient the semiconductor device with respect to the first alignment surface and further having an upper most dimension for an opening at least partially defined by top portion of the first alignment surface and a lower most dimension along said upper surface of the base for said bottom at least partially defined by a bottom portion of the first alignment surface, the upper dimension being greater than the lower dimension, said interior edge further including said first chamfered alignment surface correspondingly chamfered with said interior edge such that said first chamfered alignment tapers upwardly and outwardly from said base upper support surface the first alignment surface being slidably attached to the base with a releasable coupling assembly that slidably couples the alignment fixture to said base, said releasable coupling assembly being positioned on said base so as to adjustable locate the coupled guide member on the base to define the shape of the recess and having an adjustable position along a first axis to adjust the shape or size of the recess.
 8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a second adjustable alignment fixture having a second alignment surface against which the packaged semiconductor device abuts when positioned in the recess partially defined by the first and second alignment surface, the second chamfered alignment surface being one surface of a second elongated guide member having a trapezoidal cross section, the second adjustable alignment fixture releasably attached to the base and adjustable along a second axis to further adjust the shape or size of the recess.
 9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the first and second axes are orthogonal.
 10. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising second and third adjustable alignment fixtures releasably attached to the base and having second and third alignment surfaces, respectively, against which the packaged semiconductor device abuts when positioned in the recess partially defined by the first, second, and third alignment surfaces, the second and third chamfered alignment surfaces each being one surface of a second and third elongated guide member having a trapezoidal cross section, the second adjustable alignment fixture adjustable along a second axis and the third adjustable alignment fixture adjustable along the first axis.
 11. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising second, third, and fourth adjustable alignment fixtures releasably attached to the base and having second, third, and fourth alignment surfaces, respectively, against which the packaged semiconductor device abuts when positioned in the recess partially defined by the first, second, third, and fourth alignment surfaces, the second, third and fourth chamfered alignment surfaces each being one surface of a second, third and fourth elongated guide member having a trapezoidal cross section, the second and fourth adjustable alignment fixtures adjustable along a second axis and the third adjustable alignment fixture adjustable along the first axis.
 12. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising second, third, and fourth adjustable alignment fixtures having second, third, and fourth alignment surfaces, respectively, against which the packaged semiconductor device abuts when positioned in the recess partially defined by the first, second, third, and fourth alignment surfaces, the second, third and fourth chamfered alignment surfaces each being one surface of a second, third and fourth elongated guide member having a trapezoidal cross section, the second and fourth adjustable alignment fixtures adjustable along a second axis and the third adjustable alignment fixture adjustable along the first axis, wherein the first, second, third, and fourth alignment fixtures are slidably attached to the base.
 13. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the first alignment surface defines a corner of the recess.
 14. An apparatus for coarsely positioning a rectangular integrated circuit, comprising a base with an upper surface having a rectangular recess partially defined on at least one side by an adjustable guide supported on said base having a trapezoidal cross section defined by four edges, one of which edges being an interior edge and having a bottom defined by the upper surface of the base, said interior edge of the adjustable guide being adjacent to and directed toward the recess and being outwardly chamfered along an entire length of the adjustable guide; said interior edge further including a workpiece support surface chamfered with said interior edge such that said workpiece support surface tapers upwardly and outwardly from said base upper support surface and a releasable coupling assembly that slidably couples the adjustable guide to said base, said releasable coupling assembly being positioned at on said base upper surface so as to adjustable locate the coupled guide member on the base upper surface to define the recess and the releasable counting assembly being slidably positioned on the upper surface of the base with an adjustable position along a first axis, the adjustable position adjusting a shape or size of the rectangular recess, the rectangular recess having a size to align the integrated circuit with respect to the first axis when placed therein and further having an upper dimension for an opening at least partially defined by a top portion of said workpiece support surface and a lower dimension along a surface of the base upper surface for a bottom at least partially defined by a bottom portion of said workpiece support surface, the upper dimension being greater than the lower dimension.
 15. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein the adjustable guide comprises an alignment surface against which the rectangular integrated circuit rests when placed into the rectangular recess partially defined on at least one side by the alignment surface.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the alignment surface defines a corner of the recess.
 17. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a second adjustable guide positioned adjacent to the base and having an adjustable position along a second axis, the second adjustable guide partially defining a second side of the rectangular recess, and the second adjustable guide having a trapezoidal cross section with an interior edge adjacent to and directed toward the recess and being chamfered along an entire length of the second adjustable guide.
 18. The apparatus of claim 17 wherein the first and second axes are orthogonal.
 19. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising third and fourth adjustable guides positioned adjacent to the base and having an adjustable position along the first and second axes, respectively, the third and fourth adjustable guides partially defining third and fourth sides of the rectangular recess, respectively, and the third and fourth adjustable guides and the second adjustable guides each having a trapezoidal cross section with an interior edge adjacent to and directed toward the recess and being chamfered along an entire length of the third and fourth adjustable guides.
 20. An apparatus for positioning an integrated circuit, comprising: a base having an upper surface; and a first guide member supported by said base having a trapezoidal cross section defined by four edges, one of said four edges being defined by an interior outwardly chamfered edge including a first alignment surface, said first alignment surface and said base upper surface defining in Part a recess such that said first alignment surface is directed toward the recess and is chamfered along an entire length of the first guide member, said recess having a bottom defined by the upper surface of said base, the recess having a shape and size to position the integrated circuit with respect to the first guide member when placed therein and further having an opening at least partially defined by a top Portion of the first guide member and said bottom at least partially defined along the upper surface of the base by a lower Portion of the first guide member, the opening having a perimeter greater than that of the bottom, the first guide member being slidably coupled to the upper surface of the base by a releasable coupling assembly, said releasable counting assembly being positioned at said base so as to adjustable locate the first guide member on the base to Partially define the recess and having respective adjustable positions to adjust the shape or size of the recess.
 21. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein the first guide member has an adjustable position along a first axis.
 22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein the first guide member is slidably attached to the base and the adjustable guide is adjusted by sliding the guide along the first axis into position to partially define the recess.
 23. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising a second guide member having a trapezoidal cross section with a second edge adjacent to and directed toward the recess and being chamfered along an entire length of the second guide member, the chamfered edge of the second guide member defining a second alignment surface that at least partially defines the recess, the second guide member releasably coupled to the upper surface of the base and having an adjustable position along a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis.
 24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein the second alignment surface is chamfered.
 25. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein the a first guide member is releasably coupled to the base by at least one screw.
 26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the screw fits in a slot formed in the base, and the screw threads into the first guide member.
 27. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the screw fits in a slot formed in the first guide member, and the screw threads into the base.
 28. The apparatus of claim 20 wherein the first guide member includes at least one pin that fits into a hole formed in the base.
 29. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising an actuator coupled to the first guide member to move the first guide member along the surface of the base.
 30. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising second, third, and fourth guide members, each with a trapezoidal cross section with second, third and fourth edges adjacent to and directed toward the recess and each of the second, third and fourth edges being chamfered along an entire length of the second guide member, the chamfered edge of the second, third and fourth guide member defining second, third and fourth alignment surfaces, each guide member detachably coupled to the upper surface of the base, the first and third guide members having an adjustable position along a first axis, and the second and fourth guide members having an adjustable position along a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis, the first, second, third, and fourth guide members positioned to at least partially define the recess into which the integrated circuit is placed for alignment.
 31. An apparatus for coarsely positioning a rectangular integrated circuit, comprising a base having an upper surface and an adjustable guide supported by said base, said adjustable guide having an upper surface, said base and said adjustable guide upper surfaces defining in part a rectangular recess into which the integrated circuit is placed, the rectangular recess partially defined at a bottom of the recess by said upper surface of the base and on at least one side of the recess by said upper surface of said adjustable guide; said adjustable guide having a trapezoidal cross section defined by four edges with a first edge adjacent to and directed toward the recess and being outwardly chamfered along an entire length of the first guide member, the outwardly chamfered edge including said adjustable guide upper surface, said guide upper surface being slidably positioned adjacent the base and coupled to the base by a releasable counting assembly that slidably couples the adjustable guide to said base, said releasable coupling assembly being positioned on said base so as to adjustable locate the coupled guide member on the base upper surface to at least partly define the recess and having an adjustable position along a first axis, the adjustable position adjusting a shape or size of the recess, the recess having a size to align the integrated circuit with respect to a first axis when placed therein and further having an opening at least partially defined by an upper portion of the upper surface of the adjustable guide and a bottom at least partially defined along the upper surface of the base by a bottom portion of the adjustable guide upper surface; the opening having an upper perimeter greater than that of the bottom.
 32. The apparatus of claim 31 wherein the alignment surface defines a corner of the recess.
 33. The apparatus of claim 31, further comprising a second adjustable guide positioned adjacent to the base and having an adjustable position along a second axis, the second adjustable having a surface at least partially defining a portion of the rectangular recess, and the second adjustable guide having a trapezoidal cross section with a second edge adjacent to and directed toward the recess and being chamfered along an entire length of the second adjustable guide.
 34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the first and second axes are perpendicular.
 35. The apparatus of claim 17 further comprising third and fourth adjustable guides positioned adjacent to the base and having an adjustable position along the first and second axes, respectively, the third and fourth adjustable guides partially defining third and fourth sides of the rectangular recess, respectively, and the second third and fourth adjustable guides each having a trapezoidal cross section with second third and fourth edges adjacent to and directed toward the recess and each edge being chamfered along an entire length of the second, third and fourth adjustable guides, respectively. 